There are a number of factors that underpin a child’s speech sound development. It all depends on how quickly a child is able to: Identify and differentiate a new sound Understand that words are made up of individual sounds Manipulate their tongue to make each sound When it comes to the fine and gross motor […]
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High-arched palate refers to when the hard palate or roof of the mouth is narrow and tall. The structure of the mouth develops rapidly in-utero and continues to form during the first year of life. High-arched palate can be a congenital condition that is present from birth. They can also develop after birth due to […]
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There are two subcategories for therapy targeting Speech Sound Delays and Disorders. These include Articulation therapy and Phonology therapy. The two are often confused so below is some information about both and the differentiating features between the two therapy types.
Articulation therapy is a type of therapy method that targets speech errors that affect one sound in every position due to difficulty producing the sounds. For example someone with a lisp may have difficulty producing the ‘s’ sound and may instead make an ‘s’ sound that is slushy. The error is global, meaning that they produce the same error every time for that one sound. It is possible to have multiple articulation errors at the same time as well. For example an individual may have a lisp and also have difficulty producing the ‘th’ sound in all positions within a word and instead produce an ‘f’ sound (e.g. ‘thing’ becomes ‘fing’).
Therapy is very structured and begins at the level of sound production. Then those sounds are placed into words, phrases, sentences, stories and finally incorporated into conversation. Another differentiating feature of Articulation therapy is that the Speech pathologist makes specific references to the sound and its production and provides cues in terms of placement of the lips, tongue and palate to help produce the sound.
Phonology therapy on the other hand is used to target sound error patterns. For example, some children have difficulty producing sounds at the end of words and is not specific to one sound. For example, a child may substitute the word ‘sail’ with the word ‘say’ as they have trouble producing the ‘L’ sound at the end. In the same way they may substitute the word ‘beam’ with the word ‘bee’ as they are having trouble producing the ‘m’ sound at the end.
Therapy of this style is focused on meaning. The speech pathologist highlights the communication breakdown to help the child register that they have not in fact produced the word that they meant to say. The child must then try to correct their production of the word to ensure they are producing the intended word correctly.
If the child is unable to produce the sound themselves, the cues of the articulation therapy are often incorporated to help with physical production of the sound. The therapy style in this case would be a combined treatment approach.
This article was written by our Speech Pathologist Ashleigh Fattah who is a Speech Pathology Australia member. If you have speech pathology related questions, make an appointment. We‘ll provide you with simple and effective therapy targeted to your concerns. Contact us today.
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ReST is an evidence-based treatment for treating individuals with Apraxia of Speech. Aparaxia of Speech is a motor speech disorder where individuals know what they want to say but have difficulty planning the movements required for speech.
The ReST treatment uses non words to allow individuals to concentrate on their movements, and remove the impact of old words which already have errors and allows clinicians to make words specifically for each individual’s needs. The nonsense words help individuals to coordinate movements across syllables in long words and phrases. ReST helps to improve the individual’s ability to say the correct sounds, with the correct beats (speech rhythm/stress/prosody) smoothly (to join all the sounds together fluently).
There are more than 6 treatment studies published in scientific journals where experts have reviewed the findings. All studies have shown significant improvements in the individual’s production of nonsense words and moderate-large improvements in production of everyday real words following treatment. A randomized control trial has shown the program to be effective for individuals aged 4-12 years with mild to severe childhood apraxia of speech and older children with milder ataxic dysarthria where the focus is on beats or speech rhythm (Murray, McCabe, & Ballard, 2015). An assessment is required to determine if childhood apraxia of speech or ataxic dysarthria is present and whether Rest is the best therapy option for the individual.
Rest is conducted in intensive blocks of 12 sessions delivered either 4 days a week for 3 weeks or 2 days a week for 6 weeks. Each treatment session goes for 45-60 minutes. Therapy has also been shown to be effective via telepractice (e.g. over Skype or FaceTime) (Thomas, McCabe, Ballard, & Lincoln, 2016). At the start of the session, the clinician provides the individual with support to say the nonsense words correctly. This component is known as the training phase. Once this is achieved, the individual moves on to the practice blocks where they have a chance to practice without assistance with only right or wrong feedback given. There are usually 5 block in each session with 20 words per block (100 words per session) with 2 minute breaks between each block. This allows the individual to learn to make these movements rapidly in real speech and to transfer their skills to real words.
This article was written by our Speech Pathologist Ashleigh Fattah who is a Speech Pathology Australia member. If you have questions about language activities, make an appointment. We‘ll provide you with simple and effective therapy targeted to your concerns. Contact us today.
The post What is the Rapid Syllable Transition treatment (ReST)? appeared first on ENT Wellbeing Sydney.
ReST is an evidence-based treatment for treating individuals with Apraxia of Speech. Aparaxia of Speech is a motor speech disorder where individuals know what they want to say but have difficulty planning the movements required for speech.
The ReST treatment uses non words to allow individuals to concentrate on their movements, and remove the impact of old words which already have errors and allows clinicians to make words specifically for each individual’s needs. The nonsense words help individuals to coordinate movements across syllables in long words and phrases. ReST helps to improve the individual’s ability to say the correct sounds, with the correct beats (speech rhythm/stress/prosody) smoothly (to join all the sounds together fluently).
There are more than 6 treatment studies published in scientific journals where experts have reviewed the findings. All studies have shown significant improvements in the individual’s production of nonsense words and moderate-large improvements in production of everyday real words following treatment. A randomized control trial has shown the program to be effective for individuals aged 4-12 years with mild to severe childhood apraxia of speech and older children with milder ataxic dysarthria where the focus is on beats or speech rhythm (Murray, McCabe, & Ballard, 2015). An assessment is required to determine if childhood apraxia of speech or ataxic dysarthria is present and whether Rest is the best therapy option for the individual.
Rest is conducted in intensive blocks of 12 sessions delivered either 4 days a week for 3 weeks or 2 days a week for 6 weeks. Each treatment session goes for 45-60 minutes. Therapy has also been shown to be effective via telepractice (e.g. over Skype or FaceTime) (Thomas, McCabe, Ballard, & Lincoln, 2016). At the start of the session, the clinician provides the individual with support to say the nonsense words correctly. This component is known as the training phase. Once this is achieved, the individual moves on to the practice blocks where they have a chance to practice without assistance with only right or wrong feedback given. There are usually 5 block in each session with 20 words per block (100 words per session) with 2 minute breaks between each block. This allows the individual to learn to make these movements rapidly in real speech and to transfer their skills to real words.
This article was written by our Speech Pathologist Ashleigh Fattah who is a Speech Pathology Australia member. If you have questions about language activities, make an appointment. We‘ll provide you with simple and effective therapy targeted to your concerns. Contact us today.
The post What is the Rapid Syllable Transition treatment (ReST)? appeared first on ENT Wellbeing Sydney.
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